to keep going as long as one lives

to obstruct, to put obstacles in the way.

bogie of a train, railcar

efforts make no headway when luck does not favour, there is no cure for bad luck

to respect someone highly

nothing stops the mighty

subordinate works and the administrant earns name, God heals and the doctor takes the fee

The soldier fights and the general gains.

to have nothing else except the name of God, not even a rope

refers to a state of penury, i.e. there is nothing in the house except God's name

know/knows nothing of this

nothing after death

all will perish save God, everything is mortal but God is eternal